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| International
Shipping Terminologies - A |
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AAR: Abbreviation for
Against All Risks (insurance
clause) or Association of
American Railroads.
Abaft: A point beyond the
midpoint of a ship's length.
Abandon: A proceeding
wherein a shipper/consignee
seeks authority to abandon all
or parts of their cargo.
Abatement: A discount
allowed for damage or overcharge
in the payment of a bill.
ABI: Automated Broker
Interface, US Custom's computer
system by which brokers file
importers' entries
electronically.
Aboard: Referring to
cargo being put, or laden, onto
a means of conveyance.
Absorption: One carrier
assumes the charges of another
without any increase in charges
to the shipper.
Acceptance: A time draft
(or bill of exchange) that the
drawee (payer) has accepted and
is unconditionally obligated to
pay at maturity.
Account Party/Accountee:
The purchasing party, the
importer, the buyer in any
transaction.
Accessorial charges:
Charges that are applied to the
base tariff rate or base
contract rate (e.g. bunkers,
container,
destination/delivery).
ACS: Automated Commercial
System, the US Customs master
computer system.
Act of God: An act beyond
human control, such as
lightning, flooding or
earthquake.
Act of Man: In water
transportation, the deliberate
sacrifice of cargo to make the
vessel safe for the remaining
cargo. Those sharing in the
spared cargo proportionately
cover the loss.
Ad Valorem: According to
value
Admiralty (Adm.): Refers
to marine matters such as
Admiralty Court.
Advance: To move cargo
up-line to a vessel leaving
sooner than the one booked.
Advanced charge:
Transportation charge advanced
by one carrier to another to be
collected by the later carrier
from the consignor or consignee.
Adventure: Shipment of
goods on shipper's own account.
A bill of adventure is a
document signed by the master of
the ship that carries goods at
owner's risk.
Advice, Letter of: This
document is sent by one party to
another to whom a shipment has
been sent, on consignment or
otherwise. It involves a
description of the goods sent,
the carrier or other type of
transportation being used, the
date of departure, and any
additional pertinent data.
(Bankers use the term letter of
advice when notifying interested
parties of such actions as the
opening of credits, the drawing
of drafts and the payment or
nonpayment of drafts.)
Advice of Shipment: A
notice sent to a local or
foreign buyer advising that
shipment has gone forward and
containing details of packing,
routing, etc. A copy of the
invoice is usually enclosed and
sometimes, if desired, a copy of
the bill of lading.
Affreightment, Contract of:
An agreement by an ocean carrier
to provide cargo space on a
vessel at a specified time and
for a specified price to
accommodate an exporter or
importer.
Aft: Movement toward the
stern (back end) of a ship.
Agency tariff: A tariff
published by an agent on behalf
of several carriers.
Agent: A person
authorized to transact business
for and in the name of another
person or company.
Types of agents are:
brokers, commission merchants,
resident buyers,sales agents,
manufacturer's representatives.
Aggregate Shipment:
Numerous shipments from
different shippers to one
consignee that are consolidated
and treated as a single
consignment.
Agreed valuation: The
value of a shipment agreed upon
in order to secure a specific
freight shipment.
Agreed weight: The weight
prescribed by agreement between
carrier and shipper for goods
shipped in certain packages or a
certain number.
A.I.D.: Agency for
International Development.
Air Waybill: The
forwarding agreement or carrying
agreement between shipper and
air carrier and is issued only
in non-negotiable form.
All-In: The total price
to move a container from origin
to destination, inclusive of all
charges.
All Water: Transport
exclusively by water.
Alongside: A phrase
referring to the side of a ship.
Goods delivered "alongside" are
to be placed on the dock or
barge within reach of the
transport ship's tackle so that
they can be loaded.
Alternative Rates:
Privilege to use the rate
producing the lowest charge.
Ambient Temperature: The
temperature of a surrounding
body. The ambient temperature of
a container is the atmospheric
temperature to which it is
exposed.
Amendment: A written
notice of a change in the terms
of a letter of credit. The
change becomes an integral part
of the original letter of
credit.
American Bureau of Shipping:
US classification society which
certifies seagoing vessels for
compliance to standardize rules
regarding construction and
maintenance.
AMS: Automated Manifest
System, U.S. Customs
computerized system to automate
the flow of customs-related
information among customs
brokers, importers, and
carriers.
Any-Quantity (A.Q.):
Usually refers to a rating that
applies to an article regardless
of weight.
Appraisement:
Determination of the dutiable
value of imported merchandise by
a customs official who follows
procedures outlined in their
country's tariff, such as the
U.S. Tariff Act of 1930, as
amended.
Arbitrary: A stated
amount over a fixed rate to one
point to make a rate to another
point.
Arrival Notice: A notice
from the ocean carrier to the
"notify party," indicating the
vessel's estimated arrival date;
identifying shipment details
such as number of packages,
weight, and container number;
and indicating when free time
expires. Often includes a
freight invoice.
ASC X12: American
Standards Committee X12
responsible for developing EDI
standards for the US.
Assignment: A term
commonly used in connection with
a bill of lading. It involves
the transfer of rights, title
and interest in order to assign
goods by endorsing the bill of
lading.
Astern: Behind a vessel;
move in a reverse direction.
A.T.A.: American Trucking
Association.
ATLAS: ACL's customer
service and documentation
software.
Athwartships: A direction
across the width of a vessel.
Avoirdupois Pound:
0.4535924277 kilograms |
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