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International Shipping
Terminologies - B |
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Backhaul:
To haul a shipment back over
part of a route it has travelled.
BAF: Bunker Adjustment
Factor, used to compensate
steamship lines for fluctuating
fuel costs. Also called FAF,
Fuel Adjustment factor.
Balloon Freight: Light,
bulky articles.
Bank Guarantee: Guarantee
issued by a bank to a carrier to
be used in lieu of lost or
misplaced original negotiable
bill of lading.
Barrel (BBL): A term of
measure referring to 42 gallons
of liquid at 60F.
Base Rate: A tariff term
referring to ocean rate less
accessorial charges or base
tariff rate.
BCO: Beneficial Cargo
Owner, referring to the importer
of record, who physically take
possession of cargo at
destination and does not act as
a third party in the movement of
such goods.
Beam: The width of a
ship.
Belt Line: A switching
railroad within a commercial
area.
Berth Term: Shipped under
rate that does not include cost
of loading or unloading.
Bill of Lading (B/L): A
document that establishes the
terms of a contract between a
shipper and a transportation
company that moves freight
between specified ports for a
specified charge. Usually
prepared by the shipper on forms
issued by the carrier, it serves
as a document of title, a
contract of carriage and a
receipt for goods.
There are different types of
B/Ls: |
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Amended B/L:
Requires updates that do not
change financial status
(slightly different from
corrected B/L).
Cancelled B/L: Used to
cancel a processed B/L usually
per shipper s request.
(different from a voided B/L).
Clean B/L: No recorded
irregularities in packing or
general condition of all or any
part of the shipment.
Combined B/L: Covers
cargo moving over various
transports.
Consolidated B/L:
Combined or consolidated from
two or more B/Ls.
Corrected B/L: One that
requires an update which results
in money or other
financially-related changes.
Domestic B/L:
Non-negotiable primarily
containing routing details; used
by truckers and freight
forwarders.
Express B/L:
Non-negotiable where there are
no printed copies of original
B/L.
Freight B/L: A contract
of carriage between a shipper
and forwarder (usually an NVOCC);
a non-negotiable document.
Hitchment B/L: Covering
parts of a shipment which are
loaded at more than one
location. Usually consists of
two parts: hitchment and
hitchment memo. The hitchment
portion usually covers the
majority of a divided shipment
and carries the entire revenue.
House B/L: Issued by a
freight forwarder or
consolidation covering a single
shipment, containing the names,
addresses and specific
description of the goods
shipped.
Intermodal/Multimodal/Combined
Transport B/L: Covering
cargo moving by various modes of
transportation.
Long Form B/L: One with
terms and conditions on back of
document.
Memo B/L: Unfreighted
with no charges listed.
Military/GBL/Form DD1252:
B/L issued by the US Military.
Numbers: US Customs
standardized B/L format to
facilitate electronic
communications.
Negotiable B/L (To Order
B/L): B/L names are legal
and by endorsement, the shipper
can transfer the title of the
goods to the bank representing
the buyer or directly to the
buyer of the goods.
Non-Negotiable/Straight
Consignment B/L: File copy.
Used when goods are consigned
directly to a named consignee
and not negotiable.
On-Board B/L: Validated
at the time of loading to
transport. Common types:
on-board air, boxcar, container,
rail, truck, vessel.
Optional Discharge B/L:
Covering cargo with more than
one discharge point option
possibility.
Order B/L: Issued to the
order of a party, usually the
shipper, whose endorsement is
required to affect its
negotiation.
Order Notify B/L: Issued
usually to the order of the
shipper with the additional
clause that the consignee is to
be notified upon arrival of the
merchandise. Such mention of the
consignee does not give the
consignee title to the
merchandise.
Original B/L (OBL): Part
of the B/L that has value,
especially when negotiable;
remaining parts are
informational file copies.
Received for Shipment B/L:
Validated at the time cargo is
received by ocean carrier to
commence movement but before
being validated as On-board.
Reconciled B/L: Set which
has completed a prescribed
number of edits between the
shipper s instructions and the
actual shipment received. This
produces a very accurate B/L.
Short Term/Short Form B/L:
One that does not have written
Terms & Conditions on back of
document.
Split B/L: One of two or
more B/Ls which have been split
from a single B/L.
Stale B/L: A late B/L. In
banking, one that has passed the
time deadline of the L/C and is
void.
Through B/L: Blanket
documentation when multiple
carriers of various transport
modes are involved.
Unique B/L Identifier: US
Customs standardization
consisting of a four-alpha-code
unique to each carrier( e.g. ACL
s B/L identifier is ACLU) placed
in front of nine-digit B/L
number. These prefixes are also
used as the container
identification.
Voided B/L: Those
absorbed in the combined
process. Different from Canceled
B/L.
B/L Port of Discharge:
Port where cargo is discharged
from means of transport. |
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Bill of Sale:
Confirms the transfer of
ownership of certain goods to
another person in return for
money paid or loaned.
Bill to Party: Customer
designated as party paying for
services.
Billed Weight: The weight
shown in a waybill and freight
bill.
Blanket Bond: A bond
covering a group of persons,
articles or properties.
Blanket Rates: A rate
applicable to or from a group of
points. A special rate
applicable to several different
articles in a single shipment.
Blanket Waybill: A
waybill covering two or more
consignments of freight.
Blind Shipment: Bill of
lading wherein the paying
customer has contracted with the
carrier and the shipper or
consignee information is not
given.
Block Stowage: Stowing
cargo destined for a specific
location close together to avoid
unnecessary movement.
Blocking/Bracing: Wood or
metal supports (dunnage) to keep
shipments in place to prevent
cargo shifting.
Bls: Abbreviation for
bales.
Board: Gain access to a
vessel.
Board Feet: Unit of
measurement for lumber; one
board foot is equal to a
one-inch board, 12 wide and 1
long.
Bobtail: Movement of a
tractor, without trailer over
the highway.
Bogie: A set of wheels
built specifically as rear
wheels under a container.
Bolster: A device fitted
on a chassis or rail car to hold
and secure the container.
Bond Port: Port of
initial Customs entry of a
vessel to any country (First
Port of Call).
Bonded Freight: Freight
moving under a bond to U.S.
Customs or to the Internal
Revenue Service, and to be
delivered only under stated
conditions.
Bonded Warehouse:
Warehouse approved by the U.S.
Treasury Department and under
bond or guarantee of compliance
with revenue laws. Goods held
until duties are paid are
normally stored in a bonded
warehouse.
Booking: Arrangements
with a carrier, often a
steamship or airline, for the
acceptance and carriage of
passengers or freight.
Booking Number:
Reservation number used to
secure equipment and act as a
control number prior to
completion of a bill of lading.
Bottom Air Delivery: A
type of air circulation in a
temperature control container.
Air is pulled by a fan from the
top of the container, passed
through the evaporator coil for
cooling and then forced through
the space under the load and up
through the cargo. This type of
airflow provides even
temperatures.
Bottom Side Rails:
Structural members on the
longitudinal sides of the base
of the container.
Bow: The front of a
vessel.
Box: Common term for an
ocean going freight container.
Box Car: A closed rail
freight car.
Breakbulk: Palletized
packaged goods that are not
containerized. To unload and
distribute a portion or all of
the contents of a rail car,
container or trailer.
Broken Stowage: The loss
of space cause by irregularity
in the shape of packages. Any
void or empty space in a
container not occupied by cargo.
Broker: A
person/organization who arranges
for transportation of multiple
loads for a percentage of the
revenue.
Brokerage: Freight
forwarder/broker compensation as
specified by ocean tariff.
Bulk Freight: Goods that
are shipped loose not in
packages or containers (i.e.
grain, coal, sulfur).
Bulk Freight Container:
Refers to a container with a
discharge hatch in the front
wall; allows bulk commodities to
be grasped by loading hatches.
Bulkhead: A partition
separating one part of a ship,
freight car, aircraft or truck
from another part. A structure
to resist water.
Bull Rings:
Cargo-securing devices mounted
in a floor of containers that
allow lashing and securing of
cargo.
Bunker charge: An extra
charge added to an ocean carrier
s freight rates. Also known as
FAF (Fuel Adjustment Factor).
Bunkers: A maritime term
referring to fuel used aboard
the ship. In the past, coal
stowage areas aboard a vessel
were in bins or bunkers.
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