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International Shipping
Terminologies - S |
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Schedule B:
The statistical classification
of Domestic and Foreign
Commodities Exported from the
United States.
See-Bee Vessels: Ocean
vessels constructed with
heavy-duty submersible hydraulic
lift or elevator system at the
stern of the vessel. The Sea-Bee
system facilitates forward
transfer and positioning of
barges. Sea-Bee barges are
larger than LASH barges.
SED: US Commerce
Department document, "Shipper's
Export Declaration."
Service: A string of
vessels which make a particular
voyage and serves a particular
market.
Service Contract: As
provided in the Shipping Act of
1984, a contract between a
shipper (or a shipper's
associations) and an ocean
common carrier (of conference)
in which the shipper makes a
commitment to provide a certain
minimum quantity of cargo or
freight revenue over a fixed
time period, and the ocean
common carrier or conference
commits to a certain rate or
rate schedule as well as a
defined service level (such as
assured space, transit time,
port rotation or similar service
features). The contract may also
specify provisions in the event
of nonperformance on the part of
either party.
Ship: A large vessel able
to navigate large bodies of
water and designed to carry
passengers and/or cargo. Broadly
speaking, a ship cannot fit on a
boat.
Ship Chandler: An
individual or company selling
equipment and supplies for
ships.
Ship Demurrage: A charge for
delaying a steamer beyond a
stipulated period.
Ship's Bells: Time
measure onboard ship. One bell
sounds for each half hour. One
bell means 12:30. Two bells mean
1:00. Three bells mean 1:30 and
so on, until 4:00 (eight bells).
At 4:30, the cycle begins again
with one bell.
Ship's Manifest: A
statement listing the
particulars of all shipments
loaded to one shipment for a
specified voyage.
Ship's Tackle: All
rigging, etc. utilized on a ship
to load or unload cargo.
Shipment: The tender of
one lot of cargo at one time
from one shipper at one location
to one consignee, at one
destination, on one bill of
lading.
Shipper: The person or
company who is usually the
supplier or owner of commodities
shipper. Also called, consignor.
Shipper's Association: A
non-profit entity that
represents the interests of a
number of shippers. The main
focus of shippers associations
is to pool the cargo volumes of
members to leverage the most
favorable service contract rate
levels.
Shipping Act of 1916: The
act of Congress (1916) that
created the U.S. Shipping Board
to develop water transportation,
operate the merchant ships owned
by the government and regulate
the water carriers engaged in
commerce under the flag of the
United States. As of June 18,
1984, applies only to domestic
offshore ocean transport.
Shipping Act of 1984:
Effective June 18, 1984,
describes the law covering water
transportation in the U.S.
foreign trade.
Shipper's Export Declaration
(SED, "Ex Dec"): A joint
Bureau of Census International
Trade Administration form used
for compiling US export control
laws. It is completed by a
shipper and shows the value,
weight, destination, etc. of
export shipments as well as
Schedule B commodity code.
Shipper's Instructions:
Shipper's communications (s) to
its agent and/or directly to the
international water-carrier.
Instructions may be varied, for
example, specific
details/clauses to be printed on
the bill of lading, directions
for pick-up and delivery.
Shipper's Load & Count
(SL&C): Shipments loaded and
sealed by shippers and not
checked or verifiedby the
carriers.
Shipping Order: Shipper's
instructions to carrier for
forwarding goods; usually the
triplicate copy of the bill of
lading.
Ships: |
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Barge
Carriers: Ships designed to
carry barges. Some are fitted to
act as full container ships and
can carry a varying number of
barges and containers at the
same time. At present, this
class includes two types of
vessels, LASH and Sea-Bee.
Bulk Carriers: All
vessels designed to carry dry
bulk cargo, as well as carriers
with bulk cargoes such as grain,
ore and oil.
Combination Passenger and
Cargo Ships: Ships with a
capacity for
13 or more passengers.
Freighters: Breakbulk
vessels both refrigerated and
unrefrigerated, containerships,
partial containerships,
roll-on/roll-off
vessels, and barge carriers.
Full Containerships:
Ships equipped with permanent
container cells, with little or
no space for other types of
cargo.
General Cargo Carriers:
Breakbulk freighters, car
carriers, cattle carriers,
pallet carriers and timber
carriers.
Partial Containerships:
Multipurpose containerships
where one or more but not all
compartments are fitted with
permanent container cells.
Remaining compartments are used
for other types of cargo.
Roll-on/Roll-off vessels:
Ships custom built to carry
wheeled containers or trailers
using interior ramps.
Tankers: Ships fitted
with tanks to carry liquid cargo
such as crude petroleum and
petroleum products, chemicals,
liquified gasses (LNG & LPG),
wine, molasses and similar
product tanke
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Shore: A
prop or support placed against
or beneath anything to prevent
sinking or sagging.
Short Ton (ST): 2,000
lbs.
Side Loader: A lift truck
fitted with lifting attachments
operating to one side for
handling containers.
Side-Door Container: A
container fitted with a rear
door and a minimum of one side
door.
Skids: Battens, or a
series of parallel runners,
fitted beneath boxes or packages
to raise them clear of the floor
to permit easy access of
forklift blades or other
handling equipment.
Sleepers: Loaded
containers moving within the
railroad system that are not
clearly identified on any
internally generated reports.
Spine Car: An articulated
five-platform railcar. Used
where height and weight
restrictions limit the use of
stack cars. It holds five,
forty-foot containers or
combinations of forty and
twenty-foot containers.
Spotting: Placing a
container where required to be
loaded or unloaded.
Spreader: A piece of
equipment designed to lift
containers by their corner
castings.
Stability: The force that
holds a vessel upright or
returns it to upright if keeled
over. Weight in the lower hold
to increase stability. A vessel
is stiff if it has high
stability, tender if it has low
stability.
Stack Car: An articulated
five-platform rail car that
allows containers to be doubled
stacked. A typical stack car
holds ten, forty-foot equivalent
units (FEUs).
Stacktrain: A rail
service whereby rail cars carry
containers stacked two-high on
specially-operated unit trains.
Each train includes up to 35
articulated multiplatform cars.
Each car is comprised of
multiplatform cars. Each car is
comprised of five, well-type
platforms upon which containers
can be stacked. No chassis
accompany containers.
Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC): A
standard numerical code used by
the US government to classify
products and services.
Standard International Trade
Classification (SITC): A
standard numeric code developed
by the United Nations to
classify commodities used in
international trader, based on a
hierarchy.
Starboard: The right side
of a ship when facing the bow.
Steamship conference: A
group of vessel operators joined
together for the purpose of
establishing freight rates.
Steamship Guarantee: An
indemnity issued to the carrier
by a bank. It protects the
carrier against any possible
losses or damages arising from
the release of the merchandise
to the receiving party. This
instrument is usually issued
when the bill of lading is lost
or is not available.
Steamship line: A company
that owns and/or operates
vessels in maritime trade.
Stern: The end of a
vessel. Opposite of bow.
Stevedore: Individual or
firm that handles cargo
discharged from or loaded onto a
freight carrying vessel.
Store-Door Delivery:
Delivery of goods to consignee's
place of business or warehouse
by motor vehicle. Refers to a
complete package of delivery
services performed by a carrier
from origin to final consumption
point, whether that be a retail,
wholesale or other final
distribution facility.
Store-Door Pick-up:
Picking up a container from a
carrier, delivering it to a
merchant and returning the empty
container; the portion of
store-door delivery performed by
the carrier's trucker.
Stowage: A marine term
referring to loading freight
into ships' holds.
Straddle Carrier: Mobile
truck equipment with the
capacity for lifting a container
within its own framework.
Stripping: The unloading
of a container.
Stuffing: The loading of
a container.
Subrogate: To put in
place of another, for example,
when an insurance company pays a
claim, it is placed in the same
position as the payee with
regard to any rights against
others.
Sufferance Wharf: A wharf
licensed and attended by Customs
authorities.
Surcharge: An extra or
additional charge.
Surtax: An additional
extra tax. |
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